Shenhai Explosion-Ubungqina
Chaza
Ireyithingi yokukhusela ugqabhuko, iklasi yobushushu, uhlobo lokukhusela uqhushumbo, kunye nokumakishwa kwendawo esebenzayo yimiba ebalulekileyo yokuvavanya izixhobo zombane ezingaqhushumba. Olu lwazi lusetyenziselwa ukuchaza inqanaba lokhuseleko ekuqhumeni, uluhlu lweqondo lokushisa apho isixhobo sinokusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo, uhlobo lokhuselo olubonelelweyo, kunye neendawo ezichongiweyo apho isixhobo sifanelekile.
Ukuthatha Ex demo IIC T6 GB njengomzekelo
EX
Olu phawu lubonisa ukuba isixhobo sombane sidibana nohlobo olunye okanye ezininzi zobungqina bokudubula kwimigangatho yobungqina bokudubula.;
Ngokuhambelana neenkcukacha ezichazwe kwiSiqendu 29 yomgangatho we-GB3836.1-2010, yimfuneko ye izixhobo zombane ezingaqhushumba ukuthwala okwahlukileyo “Eks” ukuphawula kwindawo ebalaseleyo kumzimba wayo wangaphandle. Ukongeza, I-nameplate yesixhobo kufuneka ibonise uphawu oluyimfuneko lobungqina bokudubula kunye nenombolo yesatifikethi eqinisekisayo.
ukuthobela.
Demb
Uhlobo olubonisiweyo lokhuseleko lwesixhobo sombane esingaqhubi luqhushumbo simisela into ethile qhuma indawo yobungozi eyilelwe yona.
Uhlobo lobungqina bokudubula
| Uhlobo lobungqina bokudubula | Ukumakishwa kohlobo lobungqina bokudubula | Amanqaku |
|---|---|---|
| Uhlobo lwe-flameproof | d | |
| Ukunyuswa kohlobo lokhuseleko | e | |
| Uxinzelelo | p | |
| Uhlobo olukhuselekileyo lwangaphakathi | ia | |
| Uhlobo olukhuselekileyo lwangaphakathi | ib | |
| Uhlobo lokuhlasela kweoli | o | |
| Uhlobo lokuzaliswa kwesanti | q | |
| Uhlobo lokutywina oluncamathelayo | m | |
| N-Uhlobo | n | Amanqanaba okukhusela ahlelwa njenge-MA kunye ne-MB. |
| Uhlobo olukhethekileyo | s | Ulwahlulo lubandakanya i-na, nR, kunye neentlobo ze-n-concave |
Phawula: Itheyibhile ibonisa iintlobo zokukhusela ezixhaphakileyo zezixhobo zombane, Ibonisa indibaniselwano yeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokukhusela ugqabhuko-dubulo ukwenza iintlobo zokhuselo logqabhuko-dubulo.
Njengokuba, ubizo “Ex demb” ibonisa uhlobo lokukhusela ukuqhuma kwesixhobo sombane, edibanisa ingatshi, ukwanda kokhuseleko, kunye neendlela ze-encapsulation.
Ulwahlulo lwezowuni kwiindawo ezisengozini yoqhushumbo lwerhasi:
Kwiindawo apho iigesi eziqhumayo kunye ezinokutsha Imiphunga idibana nomoya ukwenza imixube yerhasi eqhumayo, ulwahlulo lwezowuni ezintathu ezisekelwe kwinqanaba lengozi zisekiwe:
Zowuni 0 (ebizwa ngokuba yiZone 0): Indawo apho irhasi eqhumayo ixutywa rhoqo, rhoqo, okanye ngokuzingisileyo ubukho phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo.
Zowuni 1 (ebizwa ngokuba yiZone 1): Indawo apho imixube yerhasi eqhumayo inokuthi yenzeke phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo.
Zowuni 2 (ebizwa ngokuba yiZone 2): Indawo apho imixube yerhasi eqhumayo kungalindelekanga ukuba yenzeke phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo, kodwa inokuvela kuphela ngokufutshane ngexesha lezehlo ezingaqhelekanga.
Phawula: Iimeko eziqhelekileyo zibhekiselele kuqaliso oluqhelekileyo, Cima, ukusebenza, kunye nokugcinwa kwezixhobo, ngelixa iimeko ezingaqhelekanga zibhekiselele kukungasebenzi kakuhle kwesixhobo okanye
izenzo ezingalindelekanga.
Ulungelelwaniso phakathi kweendawo ezisemngciphekweni wokuqhuma kwerhasi kunye neentlobo ezihambelanayo zokukhusela uqhushumbo.
| Iqela legesi | Ubukhulu besithuba sokhuseleko lovavanyo lwe-MESG (mm) | Ubuncinci bomlinganiselo wangoku wokutshisa i-MICR |
|---|---|---|
| IIA | MESG≥0.9 | MICR＞0.8 |
| IIB | 0.9＞MESG＞0.5 | 0.8≥MICR≥0.45 |
| IIC | 0.5≥MESG | 0.45＞UMCR |
Phawula: Ukuqwalasela iimeko ezithile kwilizwe lethu, ukusetyenziswa kohlobo lwe-e (ukwanda kokhuseleko) izixhobo zombane zithintelwe kwiZowuni 1, ukuvumela:
Iibhokisi zocingo kunye neebhokisi zesiphambuka ezingavelisi iintlantsi, arcs, okanye amaqondo obushushu anobungozi ngexesha lokusebenza rhoqo ahlelwa njenge d okanye m iintlobo zomzimba kunye nohlobo lwecandelo locingo.
Njengokuba, Uyilo lokukhusela ugqabhuko-dubulo lwe-BPC8765 LED yesibane sobungqina bokudubula yi-Ex demb IIC T6 GB. Indawo yomthombo wokukhanya ayinamlilo (d), icandelo lesekethe yomqhubi lifakwe (mb), kunye neempawu zekhompatimenti yocingo ukwanda kokhuseleko (e) kulwakhiwo olungangenwa luqhushumbo. Ngokwezi nkcukacha zikhankanywe ngasentla, oku kukhanya kungasetyenziswa kwiZone 1.
II
Uluhlu lwezixhobo zesixhobo sombane esithintela uqhushumbo simisela ukufaneleka kwaso kwindawo ethile yerhasi eqhumayo.
Isixhobo sokuthintela uqhushumbo sichazwa njengezixhobo zombane ezithi, phantsi kweemeko ezithile, musa ukuyitshisa indawo engqongileyo engqonge iziqhushumbisi.
Kungoko, iimveliso ezinophawu olukhankanywe ngasentla-nobungqina bokudubula (EX demb IIC) zifanelekile kuphela kuzo zonke iindawo ezihlala irhasi eqhumayo, ngaphandle kwemigodi yamalahle kunye neendawo eziphantsi komhlaba.
C
Iqela lerhasi yesixhobo sombane esithintela uqhushumbo simisela ukuhambelana kwayo nemixube ethile yerhasi eqhumayo..
Inkcazo yeQela leGesi:
Kuzo zonke iindawo zerhasi eziqhumayo, ngaphandle kwemigodi yamalahle kunye neendawo eziphantsi komhlaba (o.k., iindawo ezifanelekileyo zombane zeClass II), iigesi eziqhumayo zahlulwe ngokwamaqela amathathu, oko kukuthi A, B, kunye noC, ngokusekwe kumsantsa wokhuseleko wokulinga ubuninzi okanye ubuncinci bomlinganiselo wangoku wokutshisa imixube yerhasi. Iqela legesi kunye nobushushu bomlilo buxhomekeke kugxininiso lwe igesi enokutsha kunye nomoya phantsi kobushushu obuthile bokusingqongileyo kunye neemeko zoxinzelelo.
Ubudlelwane phakathi kwemixube yerhasi eqhumayo, amaqela egesi, kunye nezona zikhewu zokhuseleko zovavanyo ziphezulu okanye ubuncinci bomlinganiselo wangoku wokutshisa:
| Iqela legesi | Ubukhulu besithuba sokhuseleko lovavanyo lwe-MESG (mm) | Ubuncinci bomlinganiselo wangoku wokutshisa i-MICR |
|---|---|---|
| IIA | MESG≥0.9 | MICR＞0.8 |
| IIB | 0.9＞MESG＞0.5 | 0.8≥MICR≥0.45 |
| IIC | 0.5≥MESG | 0.45＞UMCR |
Phawula: Itheyibhile esekhohlo ityhila ukuba amaxabiso amancinci ezithuba zokhuseleko lwerhasi eqhumayo okanye ubuncinci bomlinganiselo wangoku uhambelana namanqanaba aphezulu omngcipheko onxulumene neegesi eziqhumayo.. Kungoko, kukho imfuno eyongeziweyo yeemfuno ezingqongqo zokuhlanganisa irhasi kwizixhobo zombane ezingenoqhushumba.
Amaqela egesi adla ngokunxulunyaniswa neerhasi/izinto eziqhelekileyo eziqhumayo:
| Iqela legesi/iqela lobushushu | T1 | T2 | T3 | T4 | T5 | T6 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IIA | I-formaldehyde, itoluene, imethyl ester, iacetylene, propane, iacetone, iasidi ye-acrylic, benzene, isitayile, icarbon monoxide, i-ethyl acetate, iacetic acid, iklorobenzene, i-methyl acetate, iklorine | IMethanol, i-ethanol, ethylbenzene, ipropanol, ipropylene, ibutanol, butyl acetate, i-amyl acetate, i-cyclopentane | IPentane, ipentanol, hexane, i-ethanol, iheptane, iokteni, cyclohexanol, iturpentine, naphtha, i-petroleum (kuquka nepetroli), amafutha amafutha, pentanol tetrachloride | IAcetaldehyde, trimethylamine | I-Ethyl nitrite | |
| IIB | Ipropylene ester, idimethyl ether | Butadiene, epoxy propane, ethylene | Idimethyl ether, acrolein, i-hydrogen carbide | |||
| IIC | Ihydrogen, igesi yamanzi | Iacetylene | Ikhabhoni disulfide | I-ethyl nitrate |
Umzekelo: Kwimeko apho izinto ezinobungozi ezikhoyo kwindawo yegesi eqhumayo ziyi-hydrogen okanye iacetylene, Iqela lerhasi elabelwe kule meko-bume lihlelwa njengeqela C. Ngenxa yoko, Isixhobo sombane esisetyenziswe kolu seto kufuneka sibambelele kuluhlu lweqela legesi elingekho ngaphantsi kwenqanaba le-IIC..
Kwimeko apho into ekhoyo kwindawo yerhasi eqhumayo yi-formaldehyde, Iqela lerhasi elenzelwe okusingqongileyo lihlelwa njengeqela A. Ngenxa yoko, izixhobo zombane eziqeshwe phakathi kolu seto kufuneka zihambelane nemigaqo yeqela legesi ubuncinane kwinqanaba le-IIA. Nangona kunjalo, izixhobo zombane ezinamanqanaba eqela legesi le-IIB okanye i-IIC nazo zingasetyenziswa kule meko.
T6
I ubushushu Iqela elabelwe isixhobo sombane esithintela uqhushumbo simisela ubume berhasi ehambelanayo namaqondo obushushu obuvuthayo..
Iqela lobushushu lichazwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
Imilinganiselo yobushushu, ekubhekiselwa kuwo njengamaqondo obushushu bokutshisa, ikhona kwimixube yerhasi eqhumayo, echaza iqondo lobushushu ezinokuthi zibe kulo yavutha. Ngenxa yoko, Iimfuno ezithile zilawula ubushushu bomphezulu besixhobo sombane esisetyenziswa phakathi kwezi meko, ifuna ukuba ubushushu obuphezulu bomphezulu besixhobo abugqithisi ubushushu bokutshisa. Ngokufanelekileyo, izixhobo zombane zahlulwa ngokwamaqela amathandathu, T1-T6, ngokusekwe kubushushu obuphezulu bomphezulu.
| Ubushushu bomlilo wezinto ezitshayo | Ubushushu obuphezulu bomphezulu T besixhobo (℃) | Iqela lobushushu |
|---|---|---|
| t＞450 | 450 | T1 |
| 450≥t＞300 | 300 | T2 |
| 300≥t＞200 | 200 | T3 |
| 200≥t＞135 | 135 | T4 |
| 135≥t＞100 | 100 | T5 |
| 100≥t＞85 | 85 | T6 |
Ngokusekelwe kulwazi olunikwe kwitheyibhile esekhohlo, ubudlelwane obucacileyo bunokubonwa phakathi kobushushu obuvuthayo bezinto ezinokutsha kunye neemfuno zeqela lobushushu elihambelanayo kwizixhobo zombane ezinobungqina bokudubula.. Ngokuthe ngqo, njengoko ubushushu bomlilo buyancipha, iimfuno zeqela lobushushu bezixhobo zombane ziyenyuka.
Ukuhlelwa kobushushu kuhambelana neegesi/izinto ezidla ngokugqabhuka:
| Iqela legesi/iqela lobushushu | T1 | T2 | T3 | T4 | T5 | T6 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IIA | I-formaldehyde, itoluene, imethyl ester, iacetylene, propane, iacetone, iasidi ye-acrylic, benzene, isitayile, icarbon monoxide, i-ethyl acetate, iacetic acid, iklorobenzene, i-methyl acetate, iklorine | IMethanol, i-ethanol, ethylbenzene, ipropanol, ipropylene, ibutanol, butyl acetate, i-amyl acetate, i-cyclopentane | IPentane, ipentanol, hexane, i-ethanol, iheptane, iokteni, cyclohexanol, iturpentine, naphtha, i-petroleum (kuquka nepetroli), amafutha amafutha, pentanol tetrachloride | IAcetaldehyde, trimethylamine | I-Ethyl nitrite | |
| IIB | Ipropylene ester, idimethyl ether | Butadiene, epoxy propane, ethylene | Idimethyl ether, acrolein, i-hydrogen carbide | |||
| IIC | Ihydrogen, igesi yamanzi | Iacetylene | Ikhabhoni disulfide | I-ethyl nitrate |
Phawula: Ulwazi olunikwe kolu luhlu lungentla lwenzelwe iinjongo zereferensi kuphela. Nceda ujonge iimfuno ezineenkcukacha ezichazwe kwi-GB3836 ukuze ufumane isicelo esichanekileyo.
Umzekelo: Ukuba i-carbon disulfide yinto enobungozi kwindawo yerhasi eqhumayo, ihambelana neqela lobushushu le-T5. Ngenxa yoko, iqela lobushushu lezixhobo zombane ezisetyenziswa kule ndawo kufuneka libe yi-T5 okanye ngaphezulu. Ngokufanayo, ukuba i-formaldehyde yinto enobungozi kwindawo yerhasi eqhumayo, ihambelana neqela lobushushu le-T2. Ngoko ke, iqela lobushushu lezixhobo zombane ezisetyenziswa kule ndawo kufuneka libe yi-T2 okanye ngaphezulu. Kuyafaneleka ukukhankanya ukuba izixhobo zombane ezinamaqela obushushu be-T3 okanye i-T4 nazo zingasetyenziswa kule ndawo.
GB
Inqanaba lokhuselo lwesixhobo libonisa inqanaba lokhuseleko lwezixhobo zombane ezingaqhushumba, ebonisa ukhuseleko lwesixhobo.
Iinkcazo zenqanaba lokukhusela izixhobo zommandla werhasi eqhumayo zibonelelwe kwicandelo 3.18.3, 3.18.4, kwaye 3.18.5 of GB3836.1-2010.
3.18.3
Ga Level EPL Ga
Izixhobo ezilungiselelwe iindawo zerhasi eqhumayo iimpawu a “phezulu” inqanaba lokhuseleko, ukuqinisekisa ukuba ayisebenzi njengomthombo wokutshisa ngexesha lokusebenza rhoqo, iimpazamo ebezilindelwe, okanye ukungasebenzi kakuhle.
3.18.4
Inqanaba leGb EPL Gb
Isixhobo esilungiselelwe iindawo zerhasi eqhumayo sibonisa a “phezulu” inqanaba lokhuseleko, iqinisekisa ukuba ayisebenzi njengomthombo wokutshisa ngexesha lokusebenza rhoqo okanye iimeko ezilindelekileyo zeempazamo.
3.18.5
Inqanaba le-Gc EPL Gc
Izixhobo ezilungiselelwe ukusetyenziswa kwiindawo zegesi eziqhumayo zibonisa a “jikelele” inqanaba lokukhusela kwaye alisebenzi njengomthombo wokutshisa ngexesha lokusebenza rhoqo. Amanyathelo awongezelelweyo okukhusela nawo anokuphunyezwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba akuvuthi ngokufanelekileyo kwiimeko apho imithombo yokutshisa kulindeleke ukuba yenzeke rhoqo., njengakwimeko yokungasebenzi kakuhle kwezibane.