Ubufakazi bokuqhuma kwe-Shenhai
Chaza
Isilinganiso sokuvikela ukuqhuma, izinga lokushisa, uhlobo lokuvikela ukuqhuma, kanye nokumaka kwendawo okusebenzayo kuyizici ezibalulekile zokuhlola izinto zikagesi ezingaqhumi. Lolu lwazi lusetshenziselwa ukuchaza izinga lokuvikela ekuqhumeni, izinga lokushisa lapho okokusebenza kungasebenza ngokuphepha, uhlobo lokuvikela ukuqhuma olunikeziwe, kanye nezindawo eziqokiwe lapho okokusebenza kufanele.
Ukuthatha i-Ex demo IIC T6 GB njengesibonelo
EX
Lolu phawu lubonisa ukuthi okokusebenza kukagesi kuhlangabezana nohlobo olulodwa noma ngaphezulu oluvikela ukuqhuma kumazinga okuvikela ukuqhuma.;
Ngokuhambisana nezicaciso ezishiwo ku-athikili 29 kwezinga le-GB3836.1-2010, kuyisidingo sa izinto zikagesi ezingaqhumi ukuthwala okuhlukile “Ex” ukumaka endaweni evelele emzimbeni wayo wangaphandle. Ukwengeza, i-nameplate yesisetshenziswa kufanele sibonise uphawu oludingekayo lokuvikela ukuqhuma kanye nenombolo yesitifiketi eqinisekisa ukuthi
ukuthobela.
Demb
Uhlobo olubonisiwe lokuvikela ukuqhuma kwezinto zikagesi ezingaqhumi zinquma okucacisiwe eziqhumayo indawo eyingozi yakhelwe yona.
Uhlobo Lobufakazi Bokuqhuma
| Uhlobo lobufakazi bokuqhuma | Ukumaka uhlobo lobufakazi bokuqhuma | Amanothi |
|---|---|---|
| Uhlobo lwe-flameproof | d | |
| Uhlobo lokuphepha olunyusiwe | e | |
| Ucindezelekile | p | |
| Uhlobo oluphephile ngaphakathi | ia | |
| Uhlobo oluphephile ngaphakathi | ib | |
| Uhlobo lokuhlasela uwoyela | o | |
| Uhlobo lokugcwalisa isihlabathi | q | |
| Uhlobo lokunamathisela uphawu | m | |
| N-Uhlobo | n | Amaleveli okuvikela ahlukaniswa njenge-MA kanye ne-MB. |
| Uhlobo Olukhethekile | s | Ukuhlukaniswa kuhlanganisa i-nA, nR, kanye nezinhlobo ze-n-concave |
Qaphela: Ithebula libonisa izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zokuvikela ukuqhuma kwezinto zikagesi, yethula inhlanganisela yezindlela ezihlukene zokuvikela ukuqhuma ukwenza izinhlobo zokuvikela ukuqhuma okuxubile.
Ngokwesibonelo, ukuqokwa “Ex demb” isho uhlobo lokuvikela ukuqhuma okuxubile lwamathuluzi kagesi, ehlanganisa angashi, ukwanda kokuphepha, kanye nezindlela ze-encapsulation.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwezindawo ezindaweni ezivame ukuba sengozini yokuqhuma kwegesi:
Ezindaweni lapho amagesi aqhuma khona kanye ezivuthayo umhwamuko uhlangana nomoya ukwenza ingxube yegesi eqhumayo, Izigaba ezintathu zezindawo ezisekelwe ezingeni lengozi ziyasungulwa:
Indawo 0 (ebizwa ngokuthi i-Zone 0): Indawo lapho igesi eqhumayo ihlangana khona njalo, njalo, noma ukuphikelela ukuba khona ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile.
Indawo 1 (ebizwa ngokuthi i-Zone 1): Indawo lapho ingxube yegesi eqhumayo ingase yenzeke ngaphansi kwezimo ezivamile.
Indawo 2 (ebizwa ngokuthi i-Zone 2): Indawo lapho ingxube yegesi eqhumayo ingalindelekile ukuba yenzeke ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, kodwa ingase ivele kafushane kuphela phakathi nezenzakalo ezingavamile.
Qaphela: Izimo ezivamile zibhekisela ekuqaliseni okuvamile, vala shaqa, ukusebenza, kanye nokugcinwa kwemishini, kuyilapho izimo ezingavamile ziphathelene nokungasebenzi kahle kwemishini noma
izenzo ezingaqondile.
Ukuhlobana phakathi kwezindawo ezisengozini yokuqhuma kwegesi kanye nezinhlobo zazo ezihambisanayo zokuvikela ukuqhuma.
| Iqembu legesi | Igebe eliphakeme lokuphepha lokuhlola i-MESG (mm) | Isilinganiso esincane sokuthungela samanje se-MICR |
|---|---|---|
| IIA | I-MESG≥0.9 | I-MICR-0.8 |
| IIB | 0.9＞MESG＞0.5 | 0.8≥MICR≥0.45 |
| I-IIC | 0.5≥MESG | 0.45＞I-MICR |
Qaphela: Ngokucabangela izimo ezithile ezweni lakithi, ukusetshenziswa kwe-e-type (ukwanda kokuphepha) okokusebenza kukagesi kukhawulelwe ku-Zone 1, ukuvumela:
Amabhokisi ezintambo namabhokisi okuhlangana angakhiqizi izinhlansi, ama-arcs, noma amazinga okushisa ayingozi ngesikhathi sokusebenza okuvamile ahlukaniswa njengezinhlobo d noma m zomzimba futhi uhlobo lwe-e lwesigaba sezintambo.
Ngokwesibonelo, igama lokuvikela ukuqhuma kwe-BPC8765 LED yesikhulumi sokuvikela ukuqhuma yi-Ex demb IIC T6 GB. Igumbi lomthombo wokukhanya alikwazi ukuvutha (d), ingxenye yesifunda somshayeli ihlanganiswe (mb), kanye nezici zekhompathi yokufaka izintambo ukwanda kokuphepha (e) ukuze kwakhiwe okungaqhumeki. Ngokwezicaciso ezishiwo ngenhla, lokhu kukhanya kungasetshenziswa ku-Zone 1.
II
Isigaba semishini kagesi engaqhumi sinquma ukufaneleka kwayo endaweni ethile yegesi eqhumayo.
Imishini yokuvikela ukuqhuma ichazwa njengemishini kagesi leyo, ngaphansi kwemibandela ethile, ungathungi indawo ezungezile yeziqhumane.
Ngakho, imikhiqizo efakwe ilebula elishiwo ngenhla lokuvikela ukuqhuma (EX demb IIC) zifaneleka ngokukhethekile kuzo zonke izindawo ezineziqhumane zegesi, ngaphandle kwezimayini zamalahle nezindawo ezingaphansi komhlaba.
C
Iqembu legesi ledivaysi kagesi engaqhumi inquma ukuhambisana kwayo nezingxube ezithile zegesi eqhumayo.
Incazelo Yeqembu Legesi:
Kuzo zonke izindawo ezineziqhumane zegesi, ngaphandle kwezimayini zamalahle nezindawo ezingaphansi komhlaba (i.e., izindawo ezifanele imishini kagesi ye-Class II), amagesi aqhumayo ahlukaniswe ngamaqembu amathathu, okungukuthi A, B, kanye no-C, ngokusekelwe kugebe eliphezulu lokuphepha lokuhlola noma isilinganiso samanje sokuthungela kwezingxube zegesi. I-gas grouping kanye nezinga lokushisa lomlilo lincike ekugxilweni kwe igesi evuthayo kanye nomoya ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile zokushisa kwemvelo nezimo zokucindezela.
Ubudlelwano phakathi kwezingxube zegesi eqhumayo, amaqembu egesi, kanye nezikhala ezinkulu zokuphepha zokuhlola noma izilinganiso zamanje zokuthungela:
| Iqembu legesi | Igebe eliphakeme lokuphepha lokuhlola i-MESG (mm) | Isilinganiso esincane sokuthungela samanje se-MICR |
|---|---|---|
| IIA | I-MESG≥0.9 | I-MICR-0.8 |
| IIB | 0.9＞MESG＞0.5 | 0.8≥MICR≥0.45 |
| I-IIC | 0.5≥MESG | 0.45＞I-MICR |
Qaphela: Ithebula elingakwesokunxele libonisa ukuthi amanani amancane ezigebe zokuphepha kwegesi eqhumayo noma izilinganiso zamanje ezincane zihambisana namazinga aphezulu engozi ahlobene namagesi aqhumayo.. Ngakho, kunesidingo esikhulayo sezidingo eziqinile zokuqoqa igesi emishinini kagesi evimbela ukuqhuma.
Amaqembu egesi ngokuvamile ahlotshaniswa namagesi/izinto eziqhumayo ezivamile:
| Iqembu legesi/izinga lokushisa | T1 | T2 | T3 | T4 | T5 | T6 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IIA | I-formaldehyde, i-toluene, i-methyl ester, i-acetylene, propane, i-acetone, i-acrylic acid, benzene, i-styrene, i-carbon monoxide, i-ethyl acetate, i-acetic acid, i-chlorobenzene, i-methyl acetate, i-chlorine | I-Methanol, i-ethanol, ethylbenzene, ipropanol, ipropylene, i-butanol, i-butyl acetate, i-amyl acetate, i-cyclopentane | I-Pentane, i-pentanol, hexane, i-ethanol, i-heptane, i-octane, i-cyclohexanol, i-turpentine, naphtha, uwoyela (kuhlanganise nophethiloli), amafutha kaphethiloli, pentanol tetrachloride | I-acetaldehyde, trimethylamine | I-Ethyl nitrite | |
| IIB | I-propylene ester, i-dimethyl ether | I-Butadiene, i-epoxy propane, i-ethylene | I-Dimethyl ether, i-acrolein, i-hydrogen carbide | |||
| I-IIC | I-hydrogen, igesi yamanzi | I-acetylene | I-Carbon disulfide | I-Ethyl nitrate |
Isibonelo: Esimeni lapho izinto eziyingozi ezikhona endaweni yegesi eqhumayo ziyi-hydrogen noma i-acetylene, iqembu legesi elabelwe kule ndawo lihlukaniswe njengeqembu C. Ngenxa yalokho, izinto zikagesi ezisetshenziswa ngaphakathi kwalesi silungiselelo kufanele zihambisane nezicaciso zeqembu legesi ezingekho ngaphansi kweleveli ye-IIC.
Esimeni lapho into ekhona endaweni yegesi eqhumayo i-formaldehyde, iqembu legesi elakhelwe le ndawo lihlukaniswa njengeqembu A. Ngenxa yalokho, izinto zikagesi ezisetshenziswa ngaphakathi kwalesi silungiselelo kufanele zihambisane nezicaciso zeqembu legesi okungenani ezingeni le-IIA. Nokho, izinto zikagesi ezinamazinga eqembu legesi le-IIB noma i-IIC nazo zingasetshenziswa kule ndawo.
T6
I izinga lokushisa Iqembu elinikezwe idivayisi kagesi engaqhumi inquma indawo yegesi ehambisana nayo ngokwamazinga okushisa okushisa.
Iqembu lokushisa lichazwa kanje:
Imikhawulo yezinga lokushisa, okubizwa ngokuthi amazinga okushisa okushisa, zikhona izingxube zegesi eqhumayo, echaza izinga lokushisa ezingaba kulo kwavutha. Ngenxa yalokho, izidingo ezithile zilawula izinga lokushisa elingaphezulu lezinto zikagesi ezisetshenziswa ngaphakathi kwalezi zindawo, okwenza kudingeke ukuthi izinga lokushisa eliphezulu eliphezulu lezinto zokusebenza alidluli izinga lokushisa lokuthungela. Ngokuvumelana nalokho, izinto zikagesi zihlukaniswa ngamaqembu ayisithupha, I-T1-T6, ngokusekelwe ekushiseni kwawo okuphezulu kakhulu komhlaba.
| Izinga lokushisa lomlilo lezinto ezivuthayo | Izinga lokushisa eliphezulu eliphezulu elingu-T lemishini (℃) | Iqembu lokushisa |
|---|---|---|
| t 450 | 450 | T1 |
| 450≥t＞300 | 300 | T2 |
| 300≥t＞200 | 200 | T3 |
| 200≥t＞135 | 135 | T4 |
| 135≥t＞100 | 100 | T5 |
| 100≥t＞85 | 85 | T6 |
Ngokusekelwe olwazini olunikezwe kuthebula elingakwesokunxele, ubudlelwane obucacile bungabonwa phakathi kwezinga lokushisa elivuthayo lezinto ezivuthayo kanye nezidingo zeqembu lokushisa elihambisanayo lamadivayisi kagesi angaqhumi. Ngokuqondile, njengoba izinga lokushisa lomlilo liyancipha, izimfuno eqenjini lokushisa kumadivayisi kagesi ziyakhula.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwezinga lokushisa kuhlobana namagesi/izinto eziqhumayo okuvame ukuhlangana nazo:
| Iqembu legesi/izinga lokushisa | T1 | T2 | T3 | T4 | T5 | T6 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IIA | I-formaldehyde, i-toluene, i-methyl ester, i-acetylene, propane, i-acetone, i-acrylic acid, benzene, i-styrene, i-carbon monoxide, i-ethyl acetate, i-acetic acid, i-chlorobenzene, i-methyl acetate, i-chlorine | I-Methanol, i-ethanol, ethylbenzene, ipropanol, ipropylene, i-butanol, i-butyl acetate, i-amyl acetate, i-cyclopentane | I-Pentane, i-pentanol, hexane, i-ethanol, i-heptane, i-octane, i-cyclohexanol, i-turpentine, naphtha, uwoyela (kuhlanganise nophethiloli), amafutha kaphethiloli, pentanol tetrachloride | I-acetaldehyde, trimethylamine | I-Ethyl nitrite | |
| IIB | I-propylene ester, i-dimethyl ether | I-Butadiene, i-epoxy propane, i-ethylene | I-Dimethyl ether, i-acrolein, i-hydrogen carbide | |||
| I-IIC | I-hydrogen, igesi yamanzi | I-acetylene | I-Carbon disulfide | I-Ethyl nitrate |
Qaphela: Ulwazi olunikezwe kuleli thebula elingenhla ngelezinjongo zokubhekisela kuphela. Sicela ubheke izidingo ezinemininingwane eshiwo ku-GB3836 ukuze uthole isicelo esinembile.
Isibonelo: Uma i-carbon disulfide iyinto eyingozi endaweni yegesi eqhumayo, ihambisana neqembu lokushisa T5. Ngenxa yalokho, iqembu lokushisa likagesi elisetshenziswa kule ndawo kufanele libe yi-T5 noma ngaphezulu. Ngokufanayo, uma i-formaldehyde iyinto eyingozi endaweni yegesi eqhumayo, ihambisana neqembu lokushisa T2. Ngakho-ke, iqembu lokushisa lemishini kagesi esetshenziswa kule ndawo kufanele libe yi-T2 noma ngaphezulu. Kuhle ukusho ukuthi imishini kagesi enamaqembu okushisa we-T3 noma i-T4 nawo angasetshenziswa kule ndawo.
GB
Izinga lokuvikela okokusebenza lisho izinga lokuvikelwa kwempahla kagesi engaqhumi, okubonisa ukuphepha kwezisetshenziswa.
Izincazelo zezinga lokuvikelwa kwemishini yezindawo zegesi eqhumayo zinikezwe esigabeni 3.18.3, 3.18.4, futhi 3.18.5 kwe-GB3836.1-2010.
3.18.3
Ga Level EPL Ga
Izisetshenziswa ezihloselwe izindawo zegesi eqhumayo izici a “phezulu” izinga lokuvikela, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ayisebenzi njengomthombo wokuthungela ngesikhathi sokusebenza okuvamile, amaphutha alindelwe, noma ukungasebenzi kahle okungavamile.
3.18.4
I-Gb Level EPL Gb
Impahla ehloselwe izindawo zegesi eqhumayo ihlanganisa a “phezulu” izinga lokuvikela, iqinisekisa ukuthi ayisebenzi njengomthombo wokuthungela ngesikhathi sokusebenza okuvamile noma izimo zamaphutha okulindelekile.
3.18.5
Gc Level EPL Gc
Izinto ezihloselwe ukusetshenziswa ezindaweni ezineziqhumane zibonisa a “jikelele” izinga lokuvikela futhi alisebenzi njengomthombo wokuthungela ngesikhathi sokusebenza okuvamile. Izinyathelo zokuvikela ezingeziwe zingasetshenziswa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi akushi ngokuphumelelayo ezimeni lapho imithombo yokuthungela kulindeleke ukuthi yenzeke njalo., njengalapho kwenzeka khona ukungasebenzi kahle kwezibani.